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Alcoholic Beverages & Tobacco Product Manufacturing Industry This industry subsector has a long history in the U.S. The first federal excise tax was levied on distilled spirits in 1791, giving rise to the famous Whiskey Rebellion of 1794. Tobacco growing and product manufacturing fueled the growth of the colonies of the American South.
Alcoholic beverage products are generally organized into three main categories: beer, wine and distilled spirits. Beer manufacturing involves growing or acquiring grain and other ingredients, brewing, packaging and distribution. The largest companies may be vertically integrated. A brewer may own grain farms, grain storage elevators, label printers, container manufacturing facilities, and bottle and can recycling facilities.
Wine making involves harvesting and crushing grapes, fermenting the juice, aging the wine, filtering and bottling. Grape varieties, wine types, processing methods, regional specialties and vintage distinctions are critical to the markets served by this industry. Distilled spirits, such as vodka, rum, bourbon and specialty liqueurs, are produced by fermenting fruit, vegetables or grain, then distilling the preparation to purify it and control flavor, color and alcohol content. Some distilled products require aging. Finished wine and spirits are distributed through wholesalers or state-level alcoholic beverage control agencies.
Tobacco production involves growing tobacco plants, harvesting, curing and storing the leaves, then processing the leaves into cigarettes, cigars, pipe tobacco, chewing tobacco and other products. The industry is segmented into growers, dealers (who purchase and process leaf tobacco) and manufacturers. Finished products are sold to wholesalers, large retail concerns, vending machine operators and others.
Although these two industry groups are distinctive, they share much in common. Companies that compete on a national or international level exhibit a high degree of industry concentration, high profitability and high barriers to entry. Both groups are highly regulated and heavily taxed. The degree of market saturation is high and customers of both types of products show strong brand loyalty. Quantitative demand for their products tends to remain steady through times of economic prosperity and recession.
| Code | NAICS Sector ( WHAT is NAICS? ) |
| 312 | Beverage and Tobacco Product Manufacturing |
| 31212 | Breweries |
| 31213 | Wineries |
| 31214 | Distilleries |
| 3122 | Tobacco Manufacturing |
Databases for Industry Research
Standard & Poor's NetAdvantage
ABI/Inform (via ProQuest)
For additional database choices, see:
Industry Data
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Alcoholic Beverages & Tobacco Annual Survey of Manufactures (ASM) / U.S. Census Bureau
Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives (ATF)
2002 Economic Census Industry Series Reports: Manufacturing / U.S. Census Bureau
TradeStats Express / U.S. International Trade Administration
Alcoholic Beverages Miller Advantage / Miller Brewing Company
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Mintel Reports
Tobacco Economics facts about U.S. tobacco use and tobacco production, Fact Sheet / National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion Tobacco / Federal Trade Commission (FTC)
Tobacco Brand Preferences, Fact Sheet / National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion Tobacco Industry Marketing, Fact Sheet / National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion Tobacco Information and Prevention Source (TIPS) / U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Tobacco Outlook / U.S. Dept of Agriculture (USDA)
Tobacco.org - Tobacco News and Information
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Alcoholic Beverages & Tobacco Eating, drinking, smoking -comparative price levels in EU, EFTA and Candidate Countries for 2003 / Eurostat Alcoholic Beverages Foreign Agricultural Service (FAS) / United States Department of Agriculture (USDA)
Mintel Reports
World Health Organization (WHO)
The Wine and Spirit Trade Association, UK |
Tobacco Economics of Tobacco Control Page / The World Bank Group Foreign Agricultural Service (FAS) / United States Department of Agriculture (USDA)
Mintel Reports
Tobacco Manufacturers' Association UK Tobacco: World Markets and Trade / USDA World Health Organization (WHO)
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Lexis/Nexis Corporate Affiliations
Business Library, Reference: HG4057.A219
Ward’s Business Directory of U.S. Private and Public Companies
Business Library, Reference: HG4057.A56
Library Collections
Controlling Liquor, Wine & Beverage Costs, Godsmark, Elizabeth.
3rd Floor, Paterno: TX950.7.B76 2003
Moonshine Markets: Issues in Unrecorded Alcohol Beverage Production and Consumption,Haworth, Alan.
2nd Floor, Paterno: HJ5021.M66 2004
The World Market for Beverage and Tobacco: A 2003 Global Trade Perspective, Parker, Philip M.
Online: NetLibrary
The World Market for Wine: A 2003 Global Trade Perspective, Parker, Philip M.
Online: NetLibrary
Who's Buying Alcoholic and Nonalcoholic Beverages
Business Library, Reference: HD9348.U5W46
The Economic and Political Aspects of the Tobacco Industry: An Annotated Bibliography and Statistical Review, 1990-2004, Diamond, Tom.
3rd Floor, Paterno: HD9130.5.D53 2005
The World Market for Manufactured, Smoking, and Chewing Tobacco: A 2003 Global Trade Perspective, Parker, Philip M.
Online: NetLibrary
The World Market for Tobacco and Tobacco Manufactures: A 2003 Global Trade Perspective, Parker, Philip M.
Online: NetLibrary
Beer Marketer's Insights
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Beverage World
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| Modern Brewery Age | |
Tobacco
| Tobacco Reporter Business Library, Reference: HD9130.W5 |
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Career opportunities in the food and beverage industry
Business Library, Reference: TX911.3.V62S56 2002
Vault Online Career Library (Currently, Vault Guides are facing problems opening in Adobe Reader 8.x. Please see here for using FREE Adobe Digital Editions to access these guides)
Career Guide to Industries (Bureau of Labor Statistics)
Business Library, Reference: HF5382.5.U5 C3162
Occupational Outlook Handbook (Bureau of Labor Statistics)
CAT record for print copies
Business Library, Reference: HD8051.A623
Economics Department | School of Hospitality Management | Department of Recreation, Park & Tourism Management | The Smeal College of Business | Text-only Version
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