Primary vs. Secondary Sources:
What's the Difference?
Primary sources...
  Secondary sources...
  • are uninterpreted sources of information.
  • allow you to examine evidence firsthand without being affected by other intermediary opinions.
  • allow you to draw comparisons between your assessments and the conclusions of others.
  • may be scattered and disorganized.
  • are sometimes described by their formats (e.g., letters and diaries as opposed to books).
 
  • interpret the “primary” literature, or guide readers to the primary material.
  • make information more accessible by repackaging it in a more accessible form
  • are far removed from the original event.
  • are sometimes described by their formats (e.g., books, journals, textbooks, anthologies, etc.)

You might also check out the "What's A Journal?" Minute Module for the most up-todate information on distinguishing between different kinds of sources!

For further descriptions of primary resources, see:

© 2002-2008 University Libraries, The Pennsylvania State University

About This tutorial
Please direct questions to Instructional Programs
Last updated 08/23/05