Penn State University Libraries - Fixed Field (Monographs)

Often older records, particularly pre-Sirsi migrated records from the old LIAS catalog, may either have some elements of the fixed field coded incorrectly or some not coded at all. Follow the guidelines under each element below.

(OCLC: Type)

• a = Language material (use this for all monographs)
• t = Manuscript language material (use this for theses and single manuscripts)

(OCLC: BLvl)

• a = Monographic component part (use for "In" analytics)
• m = Monograph/Item (use for all monographs, including sets)

(OCLC: Ctrl)

• [blank] = No specified type (use for all non-archival materials)

(OCLC: ELvl)

Accept on copy as found. It is probably best to avoid records with Enc_Lvl values of 3, 5, and E. Pay particular attention for mistakes in values of 2, 7, 8, K, and M.

In the CAT you may find older records with Enc_Lvl having a value of 8. Look over the record and correct any errors if found. Update the Enc_Lvl to [blank]. If the headings look unusually wrong, compare with the corresponding record in WorldCat and consider overwriting the CAT record if significant differences are found (sometimes pre-publication records have erroneous subject headings, among other errors).

• [blank] = Full-level
• 1 = Full-level, material not examined
• 2 = Less-than-full level, material not examined
• 3 = Abbreviated level
• 4 = Core-level
• 5 = Partial (preliminary) level
• 7 = Minimal-level
• 8 = Prepublication level
• I = Full-level input by OCLC participants
• K = Less-than-full level input by OCLC participants
• L = Full-level input added from a batch process [OCLC]
• M = Less-than-full level added from a batch process [OCLC]
• E = System-identifield MARC error in batchloaded record [OCLC]
• J = Deleted record (by the institution which created it) [OCLC]

(OCLC: Desc)

Accept on copy as found. If you make significant changes to the record that would bring the entire record up to AACR2 standards, update the value to a. If you've gone through that much trouble, consider enhancing the record in WorldCat.

• [blank] = Non-ISBD (not cataloged according to ISBD, mostly used for pre-AACR2)
• a = AACR2 (cataloged according to Anglo-American Cataloging Rules, 2nd. ed.)
• i = ISBD (record has the descriptive cataloging and punctuation conventions of ISBD, but is known to be a non-AACR2 record)
• u = unknown (in OCLC this could represent Dublin Core records and has only been defined for encoding levels of 3, 5, and M)

(OCLC: Entered)

Contains six digits supplied by the system (yymmdd). Do not edit this field. OCLC uses eight digits (yyyymmdd).

(OCLC: DtSt)

Correct if wrong on copy. Some older CAT records may be coded with value n even though a date is present in 260c. Correct these.

Codes are given in order of precedence. Use the first applicable code in the list.

• b = B.C./B.C.E. date (use blanks in Date1 and Date2, enter codes and B.C./B.C.E. dates in field 046)
• r = Reprint/reissue date and original date (use for reprints as appropriate)
• m = Multiple dates (for sets published over several years)
• e = Detailed date (do not use; if found on copy, change to s and correct Date1 and Date2)
• s = Single date (use for single dates, both known and estimated, e.g. 1922; [192-?]; [1934?])
• t = Publication date and copyright date (use when copyright date is given in 260c)
• q = Questionable date (use when 260c has "[between yyyy and yyyy?]")
• n = Dates unknown (do not use; used when no date is given in 260c (i.e., "[n.d.]"); update 260c to an estimated date or a date found in reference sources)

(OCLC: Dates)

Correct if wrong on copy. Some older CAT records may have both values blank even though a date is present in 260c. Correct these. Use a "u" for any unknown digits in the year ([199-?] = 199u).

See examples given in OCLC's Bibliographic Formats and Standards for guidance: Dates and DtSt.

(OCLC: Ctry)

This is a two- or three-character code denoting the state or country of publication, production, or execution. In most cases, this will correspond directly with the place of publication in 260a. United States state codes are constructed with a state code followed by "u" ("pau" for Pennsylvania).

A complete list of codes is available in the MARC Code List for Countries.

Many older CAT records have incorrect codes in this field (primarily xx, xxu, or xxk). Update these.

Some common codes:

• Pennsylvania = pau
• New York = nyu
• California = cau
• Massachusetts = mau
• Maryland = mdu
• Ontario = onc
• England = enk
• France = fr
• Germany = gw

(OCLC: Ills)

Generally accept the codes already in the record from copy unless it is obviously wrong. Older CAT records are often missing values in this field. Only be concerned with correcting them if they are missing code a and there are illustrations present.

When enhancing records in OCLC WorldCat or creating original records, apply up to four codes in alphabetical order. If more than four codes apply, enter the first four codes. For a complete listing of codes, see OCLC Bibliographic Formats and Standards: Ills.

• [blank] = No illustrations
• a = Illustrations

(OCLC: Audn)

The intellectual level of the audience the item is intended for. Correct if wrong on copy. Usually this field is [blank]. Older CAT records are often missing this value for juvenile materials. Correct these. There are more specific values for school level (preschool, primary, etc.). Accept these if found on copy, but generally use code j for all juvenile and young adult material.

• [blank] = Unknown or unspecified
• j = Juvenile

See OCLC Bibliographic Formats and Standards: Audn for more codes.

(OCLC: Form)

Correct copy if wrong. Generally this value will be [blank]. Coded values are for reproductions. If you make use of a record for a reproduction and convert it into a record for the original, make sure you change Repr to [blank]. Older CAT records will have reproductions and originals cataloged on the same record (e.g., original book and microfilm copies). Make sure these are coded [blank].

• [blank] = None of the following
• a = Microfilm
• b = Microfiche
• c = Microopaque
• d = Large print
• f = Braille
• r = Regular print reproduction (e.g., photocopies)
• s = Electronic (intended for manipulation by a computer, such as PDF files, web pages, etc.)

(OCLC: Cont)

Correct if wrong or missing on copy. Older CAT records often are missing these codes. Correct these.

Use up to four codes in alphabetical order. If more than four codes are appropriate, select the four most significant.

Use the list of codes found in: OCLC Bibliographic Formats and Standards: Cont

Some of the more common codes include:

• b = Bibliographies (use for bibliographies and items that note a bibliography in a 504 field)
• c = Catalogs (use for catalogs, such as trade catalogs, stamp and coin catalogs, auction catalogs, etc.; for catalogs of books, use code b with code c)
• d = Dictionaries (use for dictionaries, glossaries, and gazetteers)
• m = Theses
• r = Directories
• t = Technical reports
• 2 = Offprints
• 5 = Calendars
  

(OCLC: GPub)

Correct copy if wrong. Older CAT records may be missing values in this field. If appropriate, add them when missing.

For detailed guidelines, see OCLC Bibliographic Formats and Standards: GPub.

Treat an item published by an academic institution as a government publication if the government created or controls the institution. For example, publications of state university presses in the United States are government publications at the state level (code s).

• [blank] = Not a government publication
• a = Autonomous or semiautonomous components of a country
• c = Multilocal (regional combinations of jurisdictions below the state level, such as consolidated school districts and regional councils of governments)
• f = Federal or national
• i = International intergovernmental (such as United Nations, European Union)
• l = Local
• m = Multistate (regional combinations of jurisdictions at the state, provincial and territorial level)
• o = Government publication, level is undetermined
• s = State, provincial, territorial, dependent, etc. (also include Penn State publications, unless they are reprinted by a commercial publisher)
• u = Unknown if item is a government publication
• z = Other (use for a government publication that doesn't fit any of the above)

(OCLC: Conf)

Correct copy if wrong. Older CAT records may have incorrect values. Correct these.

• 0 = Not a conference publication
• 1 = Conference publication

Do not consider a conference works composed of, or based on, a single paper, hearings of legislative bodies, and courses given in a school (unless the main entry is a name of a conference).

Consider a conference publication as one that consists of the proceedings, reports, or summaries of a conference. The proceedings may include a collection of papers, a partial collection of papers, or a collection of preprints of papers presented at the conference.

(OCLC: Fest)

Correct copy if wrong. Older CAT records may have incorrect values. Correct these.

• 0 = Not a festschrift
• 1 = Festschrift

A festschrift is typically a collection of two or more papers or essays published in honor of a person, an institution, or on the occasion of an anniversary celebration. It usually contains biographical contributions and often focuses on topics significant to the honoree or the anniversary.

(OCLC: Indx)

Correct copy if wrong. Older CAT records may have incorrect values. Correct these.

• 0 = No index
• 1 = Index present (the work has an index to its own contents)

(OCLC: LitF)

Correct copy if wrong. Older CAT records may have incorrect values. Correct these. For works of fiction, copy tends to use the value 1 and not a more specific letter code. These are fine to accept. Use cataloger's judgment. For some special collections the Team may decide to apply specific codes as appropriate.

• 0 = Not fiction (not further specified)
• 1 = Fiction (not further specified)
• d = Dramas
• e = Essays
• f = Novels
• h = Humor, satires, etc.
• i = Letters (item is a single letter or collection of correspondence)
• j = Short stories (item is a short story or collection of short stories)
• m = Mixed forms (item is a variety of literary forms, e.g. poetry and short stories)
• p = Poetry (item is a poem or collection of poems)
• s = Speeches (item is a speech or collection of speeches)
• u = unknown

(OCLC: Biog)

Correct copy if wrong. Older CAT records may have incorrect values. Correct these.

• [blank] = No biographical material (also use this for fictional biography)
• a = Autobiography
• b = Biography
• c = Collective biography (item contains two or more individual biographies)
• d = Contains biographical information

(OCLC: Lang)

Correct copy if wrong. This field contains a 3-character code representing the language of the work. For multilingual works, use the predominant language code, and enter the multiple codes (including the predominant code) in field 041.

For a complete list of language codes, see: MARC Code List for Languages.

Common language codes:

• English = eng
• French = fre
• Spanish = spa
• German = ger
• Pennsylvania German = gem
• Latin = lat
• Italian = ita

(OCLC: MRec)

This code is used to indicate if any modifications were made while the data was being entered from catalog cards to machine-readable form. Accept copy as found. The default value is [blank] (Not modified).

(OCLC: Srce)

Accept copy.

• [blank] = National bibliographic agency (Library of Congress, Library and Archives Canada, and others)
• c = Cooperative cataloging program (Program for Cooperative Cataloging, etc.)
• d = Other

See also: OCLC Bibliographic Formats and Standards: Fixed Fields