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Penn State University Libraries

Introduction to Academic Library Research

 

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Amy Deuink
Title: Reference Librarian


Robert E. Eiche Library
Penn State Altoona

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Course Info

Course Name:
  ENGL 015: Rhetoric & Composition
Semester:
  Fall
Campus:
  Penn State Altoona
Instructor:
  Various

Overview

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Introductions

During this session students will be introduced to the basic features and contents of the University Libraries' website, the portal to our print and electronic collections. The University Libraries' collections serve the needs of a wide variety of users, so resources appropriate for undergraduate students will be highlighted. 

Goals

By the end of this session, students will:

  • know how to get help with research and library services
  • be familar with The CAT (library catalog), LionSearch, and other "Try These First" databases for finding research materials at the library
  • know how to locate additional research and source citation guides
  • be introduced to a strategy for evaluating information


Planning Your Research

Look for inspiration in the world around you, the things you're interested in, subjects discussed in class or among your family and friends. It's easier to research a topic you're interested in... or even passionate about!

Brainstorm related terms, concepts, questions, approaches, etc. that you might explore in your research. This can help you develop your research focus.

Start to develop your thesis statement or research question(s) to help guide your search. What questions do you need to answer with your research? What points will you need to find support for to defend your position?

Evaluating Sources

Any time you look for information on a topic (whether personal or for educational research), you should always evaluate the information.

  • Is this good information (could be verified elsewhere)?
  • Does it go into enough detail for my needs?
  • Does it answer the questions I have about the subject/tell me something new/support or challenge my perspective?
  • What makes the author an authority?
  • When was it published/created?

One way to quickly evaluate the information in front of you is to consider the "3 C's":

Credibility (their expertise makes your paper more authoritative)

  • Who is the author? (okay to "Google" them)
  • What makes them an expert on this subject?
  • Is the author's intention to educate (share knowledge) or persuade?

Content

  • Is it good enough for college-level research? Or is it too basic? Too "scholarly" (assume a level of understanding beyond your grasp)?
  • Does it provide you with new knowledge?
  • Does it support or challenge what you already know about the subject?

Currency

  • Is it current enough for your research needs? Or could you likely find something more recent?
  • Does it provide you with an accurate snapshot of the time? Fill in blanks of recent events? Provide a history or synthesis of relevant information?
  • Remember, currency is relative:
    • Newspapers = published every day or weekly
    • Magazines = published weekly, bi-weekly, or monthly
    • Scholarly Journals = published quarterly (on average)
    • Books = take a year or more to write, publish, and distribute
    • Statistics = often take a year or more to collect, analyze, publish, and distribute

Exploring the Library

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Group Assignment

Step 1: Open the University Libraries homepage in a new browser tab.

Step 2: Use the "Research" menu to navigate to your group's assigned library resource.

Step 3: Search for and select ONE relevant piece of information (book, article, essay, etc.) to evaluate and share with your classmates. Your search terms may include the broad concept presented in class or a more specific aspect of the subject, but remember that brainstorming keywords and revising your search terms are an important part of successful researching.

Step 4: Answer the following questions about the source your group chose. After about 10 minutes of exploring, we'll all share.

  1. What is the name of the library resource your group was assigned?
  2. What were the search terms/strategy you used? (So the instructor can recreate your search and easily bring up the item you selected.)
  3. Your evaluation of the item you selected (see the "Evaluating Sources" tab for questions). You may not be able to answer all questions in the time allotted, but please try to answer at least one in each category):
    • Credibility
    • Content
    • Currency
  4. Bottom line: Is it a good source for college-level research on this topic?

Library Resource (as assigned by instructor)

  1. CQ Researcher database on the "Try These First" research guide

  2. Gale Virtual Reference Library database on the "Try These First" research guide

  3. Opposing Viewpoint Resource Center database on the "Try These First" research guide

  4. Academic Search Complete database on the "Try These First" research guide

  5. Access World News database on the "Try These First" research guide

  6. LionSearch database on the Libraries homepage

  7. Press Display database on the "News and Newspaper Resources" research guide

  8. GreenFILE database of the Databases (A-Z) page

  9. GREENR database on the Databases (A-Z) page

  10. Filmakers Library database on the Databases (A-Z) page

  11. CQ Voting and Elections Collection database on the Databases (A-Z) page

  12. Chronicle of Higher Education database on the Databases (A-Z) page

Research: Start

Use the Try These First research guide on the library's home page to get started with your research. Additional subject-specific research guides are available and may best suit your needs, depending on the topic and scope of your research project.

LionSearch

 

 

  

Books and Background Sources

Articles

  • Academic Search Complete
    Comprehensive scholarly, multi-disciplinary full-text database, with more than 5,300 full-text periodicals - in other words, lots of great stuff!

De Jong / Baille

De Jong

Recommended Research Resources

"Try These First" research guide, particularly:

  • Gale Virtual Reference Library for some background information
    • Not finding what you need? Try one of these other sources for background information.
    • Note: Subject encyclopedia artilces may not be appropriate sources to cite in your essay, but will provide you with background knowledge and important names, dates, and keywords for searching for additional information. These articles also often provide a list of recommended books and articles for further reading.
  • Academic Search Complete for scholarly articles
  • The CAT or LionSearch for books

Students are also strongly encouraged to use other recommended resources for the topic they have choosen, as guided by the extensive list of available research guides by subject. For example, consult the general history or military studies research guides if researching war in Europe. The history guide is very extensive; the Historical Abstracts database (on the History research guide) would be recommended as a good place to start research on this topic. The anthropology, sociology, or religious studies research guides would be recommended for researching beliefs about the soul in various cultures, depending on the culture and perspective you find most interesting.

Please contact the librarian if you have trouble locating a guide for your subject. Some research guides are very broad in scope; please contact the librarian if you need additional help choosing appropriate research resources for your topic.

Finding and Citing Images

Image Databases (high resolution art images and news photos available for educational use through PSU Libraries)

Picture and Image Resources (recommended freely available search engines and metasites)

In-text citation of visuals (MLA style) (from Diana Hacker's Research and Documentation Online)

Work of art in the list of references (MLA style) (from Diana Hacker's site)

Finding Book Reviews

Book Reviews guide

Baille

brain puzzle

In adition to the Try These First research guide, students in this class may also wish to consult the following research guides:

  • Developmental Psychology research guide, particularly
    • PsycINFO for research articles in psychology
      • search: birth order
      • possible search terms: children, childhood development, military personnel, combat experience, child soldier, child soldiers
    • Sociological Abstracts for research articles in sociology and social psychology
      • possible search terms: children, military service, military personnel, child abuse, child soldiers
  • Child Abuse and Neglect research guide
    • This guide is very comprehensive. Review the recommended resources and use those that best match your reesearch needs.
  • Military Studies research guide, particularly
    • Praeger Security International for e-books, book chapters, and reference articles
      •  search: child soldiers
    • CIAO (Columbia Internatinal Affairs Online) for scholarly artilcles, papers, and book chapters from a variety of research institutes
      • search: child soldiers