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Evidence-based Practice Tutorial

Outcome

The fourth part of the PICO method of question formulation addresses outcomes. What do you anticipate as an outcome?

For example one, an expected outcome might be that newly graduated registered nurses obtaining baccalaureate degrees in nursing more frequently choose careers in med-surg units.

In example two, an expected outcome might be that the administration of oral sucrose for pediatric pain results in a decrease in behavioral pain response scores.

And in our third example, an expected outcome might be that the combined approach to discharge teaching decreases hospital readmissions

Questions to ask

  • What is the effect of the intervention?
  • Ask, "What do I hope to accomplish?" or
  • "What could this exposure affect?"

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